Which term describes the living components of an ecosystem and their interactions?

• A. Biotic Factors
• B. Abiotic Factors
• C. Niche
• D. Habitat

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is distinguishing living versus nonliving parts of an ecosystem and how they relate. Living components—plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and their interactions—are described by biotic factors. This term covers not only the organisms themselves but the relationships among them, such as predation, competition, decomposition, and symbiotic partnerships, which together shape how energy and nutrients move through the ecosystem.

Abiotic factors refer to nonliving elements like temperature, water, soil, and climate. A niche is the role an organism plays in its environment, including how it obtains resources and interacts with others. A habitat is the physical place where an organism lives. Since the question asks for the term that describes living components and their interactions, the best term is biotic factors.